Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity linked with upconversion nanoparticles. It examines various aspects, in

Zinc oxide is a compound renowned for its remarkable power to safeguard delicate skin. This gentle component has long been employed in a variety of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective characteristics. Establishing a physical shield on the skin's top layer, zinc oxide effectively absorbs harmf